Psychiatric Bulletin (2007) 31: 110. doi: 10.1192/pb.31.3.110b
© 2007 The Royal College of Psychiatrists
Do not resuscitate decisions need for objective measures
Zoë Hawkins, Senior House Officer in Psychiatry and
Ajay Upadhyaya, Consultant Psychiatrist
Herts and Essex Hospital, Cavell Drive, Bishops Stortford, Herts
CM23 5JH, email:
frances.stride{at}hpt.nhs.uk
We recently conducted an audit of the documentation of cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) status in patients on a 20-bed dementia assessment ward
(all with a diagnosis of dementia and lacking mental capacity to discuss
resuscitation) and found that only a quarter had their CPR status documented.
Following discussions with staff to draw their attention to trust policy on
CPR, re-audit showed only modest improvement: CPR status was documented in
half of the patients notes. An educational programme was arranged to
address the potential barriers to optimal CPR documentation. Subsequent audit
showed documentation of CPR status in three-quarters of patients.
Poor quality of life and futility of CPR are often cited as the reasons
behind the decision not to resuscitate. Despite the advanced age and diagnosis
of dementia in our patients, judgements on patients quality of life can
be complex and emotive, and the critical factor seemed to be a lack of
readiness among staff to initiate discussion of issues surrounding death.
We agree that relatives should be involved in discussions on resuscitation.
However, this has to be done with sensitivity so that a decision not to
resuscitate does not add to the relatives sense of guilt. Often this
can be achieved by presenting such decisions as a considered opinion of the
team before seeking the relatives view.